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The Craftsman style evolved from the Arts and Crafts movement, which started in the 1860's in Europe, as a reaction to the over-decoration of the Victorian style . The Arts and Crafts movement celebrated the art and talents of skilled craftsman, instead of the mass production of machine made components.
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The Craftsman style started in California in the 1900's, with Gustav Stickley, The Greene brothers, and Harvey Ellis were among those whose designs came to define the style. Instead of the structural components of the home being hidden behind plaster and trims, beams, and joists were left exposed inside and out. Natural materials found a place of prominence in the Craftsman styled home, complemented by artistry in stained glass and metal working. The structures often used materials which came from the area, giving the house a honest context of place. Roofs were often low pitched with deep overhangs and the houses had a very close relationship to the ground.
The Prairie and Tutor Revival styles were other popular designs inspired by the Arts and Crafts movement.
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TUDOR REVIVAL -- URBAN SERIES
CRAFTSMAN STYLE -- URBAN SERIES
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The Bungalow is an all American housing type, but it has its roots in India. In the province of Bengal, single-family homes were called bangla or bangala. British colonists adapted these one-story thatch-roofed huts to use as summer homes. The space-efficient floor plan of bungalow houses may have also been inspired by army tents and rural English cottages. The idea was to cluster the kitchen, dining area, bedrooms, and bathroom around a central living area.
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Two California architects, Charles Sumner Greene and Henry Mather Greene, are often credited with inspiring America to build Bungalows. Their most famous project was the huge Craftsman style Gamble house (1909) in Pasadena, California. However, the Green brothers also published more modest Bungalow plans in many magazines and pattern books.
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View more from the book Greene & Greene: Masterworks
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